Panic attacks are intense episodes of sudden fear or distress, often accompanied by overwhelming physical sensations such as a racing heart, sweating, dizziness, shortness of breath, and blurred vision. These attacks can be incredibly frightening and may create a sense of losing control or even feeling as though something life-threatening is happening. Panic attacks can be triggered by specific fears, such as seeing blood in those with a blood phobia, or certain situations, like going into crowded places or shops. However, for some individuals, panic attacks seem to occur without a clear trigger, adding to the unpredictability and distress they cause. Over time, the fear of experiencing another panic attack can lead to avoidance behaviours, limiting daily activities and reducing overall quality of life.

CBT is a highly effective treatment for panic attacks, helping individuals understand and manage their symptoms. Through CBT, individuals learn to identify and challenge unhelpful thought patterns that contribute to panic, replacing them with more rational and balanced ways of thinking. Exposure techniques are often used to gradually desensitise individuals to feared situations, reducing avoidance behaviours. By breaking the cycle of fear and avoidance, CBT empowers individuals to regain confidence in their ability to manage anxiety, improving overall function and enhancing their quality of life.